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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmaceutical Sciences
    • Drug Delivery Systems

    Background:

    • Hypertension management often requires sustained drug delivery to maintain therapeutic levels.
    • Enalapril maleate is a widely used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for hypertension.
    • Developing effective sustained-release formulations is crucial for improving patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To formulate sustained-release matrix tablets of enalapril maleate.
    • To evaluate the impact of polymer concentration and viscosity on enalapril maleate release.
    • To analyze the drug release kinetics and mechanisms from the developed matrix tablets.

    Main Methods:

    • Sustained-release enalapril maleate tablets were formulated using direct compression.
    • Nonionic cellulose ethers (HPMC K15, HPMC K100) and HPC polymers were utilized.
    • In-vitro drug release studies were conducted over 24 hours in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer using USP dissolution apparatus II.

    Main Results:

    • All tested polymers (HPMC, HPC) effectively sustained enalapril maleate release.
    • Drug release predominantly followed zero-order kinetics for most formulations.
    • At 45% polymer concentration, drug release followed Higuchi's model, indicating diffusion-controlled release.

    Conclusions:

    • Sustained-release enalapril maleate matrix tablets were successfully developed.
    • Polymer type, concentration, and viscosity significantly influenced drug release profiles.
    • The drug release mechanism involved both diffusion and erosion, characteristic of matrix systems.