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Shallow magma diversions during explosive diatreme-forming eruptions.
Nicolas Le Corvec1, James D Muirhead2, James D L White3
1Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne-CNRS-IRD, OPGC, 6 Avenue Blaise Pascal, 63178, Aubière Cedex, France. nicolas.le_corvec@uca.fr.
Nature Communications
|April 15, 2018
Summary
Magma diversion during explosive eruptions can relocate volcanic vents. Numerical models show crater excavation alters stress, inhibiting ascent and promoting lateral magma flow, leading to vent migration and intra-diatreme explosions.
Area of Science:
- Volcanology
- Geophysics
Background:
- Magma diversion is key to volcanic vent relocation.
- Explosive eruptions excavate subterranean rock, but cratering-intrusion feedbacks are understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model the impact of diatreme excavation and infilling on stress and magma intrusion.
- To understand feedbacks between explosive crater formation and intrusion processes.
Main Methods:
- Numerical modeling of maar-diatreme complex formation.
- Analysis of stress states and intrusion geometries.
Main Results:
- Excavation and infilling of diatremes alter local stress states.
- Altered stress inhibits magma ascent and promotes lateral diversion.
- Models explain saucer-shaped sill generation and enhanced intra-diatreme explosions.
Conclusions:
- Magma diversion mechanisms are revealed for maar-diatreme volcanism.
- These processes likely occur in other crater-forming volcanic systems.
- Understanding these feedbacks is crucial for assessing volcanic hazards.
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