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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

278
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
278
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

241
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
241
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

264
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
264
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

223
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
223
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

259
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
259
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

713
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
713

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Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
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Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

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Geriatric Dysphagia.

Ozlem E Tulunay-Ugur1, David Eibling2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 543, Little Rock, AR 72223, USA.

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|April 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Geriatric dysphagia, difficulty swallowing in older adults, is often missed and can lead to serious health issues. Early identification through careful patient history is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes.

Keywords:
Aspiration pneumoniaCricopharyngeal spasmDysphagia teamGeriatric dysphagia

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Geriatric dysphagia is a prevalent yet frequently overlooked condition in the elderly.
  • This swallowing impairment is associated with substantial patient morbidity and mortality risks.
  • Effective management necessitates a diligent, multidisciplinary clinical approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the underrecognized nature of geriatric dysphagia.
  • To emphasize the critical role of clinical history in diagnosing and managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical significance and diagnostic approaches for geriatric dysphagia.
  • Emphasis on detailed patient history as the primary diagnostic tool.

Main Results:

  • Geriatric dysphagia remains significantly underdiagnosed.
  • Thorough patient history is the cornerstone for guiding subsequent diagnostic workup and treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Geriatric dysphagia requires increased clinical awareness and diligence.
  • A systematic, team-based approach, initiated by careful history-taking, is essential for successful patient management.