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Training Psychologists for Rural Practice: Exploring Opportunities and Constraints.
Marisa Elena Domino1,2, Ching-Ching Claire Lin1, Joseph P Morrissey1,2
1Department of Health Policy and Management, The Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Summary
Few psychology doctoral programs are in rural areas, limiting the psychologist workforce in these communities. Strategies beyond program expansion, like incentives and telemedicine, are needed to increase rural mental health providers.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Health Services Research
- Rural Health
Background:
- The psychologist workforce is crucial for behavioral health, yet disparities exist in rural areas.
- Understanding trends in training and practice is essential for addressing mental health provider shortages.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in the psychologist workforce and training.
- To identify factors influencing clinical psychologists' decisions to practice in rural settings.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods approach was used, combining national and North Carolina (NC) data.
- Analysis included doctoral program locations, workforce characteristics, and interviews with program directors.
Main Results:
- Less than 1% of US psychology doctoral programs are in rural areas.
- In NC, most practicing psychologists are from out-of-state, and many recent graduates are not licensed in-state.
- Expanding rural training programs alone may not solve shortages; complementary strategies are necessary.
Conclusions:
- Increasing the rural psychologist supply requires a multifaceted approach.
- Incentives for rural training and practice, alongside telemedicine, are vital.
- Thoughtful strategies are needed to build the rural behavioral health workforce.
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