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ILC2 memory: Recollection of previous activation.

Itziar Martinez-Gonzalez1,2, Maryam Ghaedi1,2, Catherine A Steer2,3

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

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|April 18, 2018
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Summary

Immunological memory extends beyond T and B cells to innate cells like ILC2s. Neonatal ILC2 training may shape adult immune memory and allergic disease risk, such as asthma.

Keywords:
ILC2sallergic diseasesimmunological memoryneonates

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Innate Immunity
  • Cellular Memory

Background:

  • Immunological memory was traditionally attributed to T and B lymphocytes.
  • Recent research has expanded the concept to include innate immune cells and epithelial stem cells, termed 'trained immunity'.
  • Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are key players in allergic inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of memory generation in ILC2s.
  • To explore the potential role of ILC2 memory in human allergic diseases, specifically asthma.
  • To examine the significance of neonatal ILC2 activation for future immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on ILC2 memory mechanisms.
  • Analysis of ILC2 activation during the neonatal period.
  • Speculative discussion on the impact of neonatal training on adult ILC2 memory and disease.

Main Results:

  • Discussion of established and proposed mechanisms for ILC2 memory formation.
  • Exploration of how early-life ILC2 activation might prime the immune system.
  • Hypothesizing the link between neonatal ILC2 training and adult allergic disease susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • ILC2s possess mechanisms for immunological memory.
  • Neonatal ILC2 activation may represent a 'training' process with long-term consequences.
  • This early-life programming could influence the development and severity of adult allergic diseases like asthma.