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Calcified Artery Preparation and Processing with Preserved Morphology and RNA for Digital Spatial Profiling

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Calcified cerebral emboli: Incidence and implications.

Miguel Bardon¹, Julian Hanson¹, Bill O'Brien¹

¹Gosford Hospital, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia.

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology

|April 18, 2018

Summary

Calcified cerebral emboli are a common cause of ischemic stroke, often overlooked. This study found they account for 5.9% of strokes, highlighting their clinical importance for diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:

adult neuroimaging neurointerventional radiology neuroradiology vascular imaging

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

Calcified cerebral emboli are an under-recognized cause of ischemic stroke.
Recent literature suggests their prevalence may be higher than previously thought.
Distinguishing these from incidental intracranial calcification is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of calcified cerebral emboli as the primary cause of stroke.
To compare cases of calcified cerebral emboli with incidental intracranial calcifications.
To analyze the characteristics and outcomes of stroke patients with calcified cerebral emboli.

Main Methods:

Review of 220 confirmed stroke cases (May 2014-May 2017) for etiology.
Categorization of presumed calcified cerebral emboli as 'possible' or 'definite'.
Analysis of morphology, distribution, density, embolic source, interventions, and outcomes.
Review of 220 control CT scans for intravascular calcification.

Main Results:

Calcified cerebral emboli were the most likely cause in 5.9% (13/220) of stroke cases.
Eight cases were definite, with 12 involving anterior circulation.
All patients had moderate calcified atherosclerotic disease in aorta/carotid arteries.
Three control cases had incidental intravascular calcification.

Conclusions:

Calcified cerebral emboli are more commonly associated with spontaneous cerebral infarction than previously believed.
Recognition is vital for acute stroke diagnosis, treatment modification, and prognosis.
Further research is needed due to limited current literature.