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There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
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Understanding Cerebellar Pattern Formation
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Pattern formation in semiconductors.

V V Bel'kov1, J Hirschinger1, V Novák2

  • 1Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.

Nature
|April 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonlinear semiconductor properties lead to non-equilibrium phase transitions. At low temperatures, impact ionization causes abrupt free carrier density increases, forming filamentary current patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Semiconductor physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Nonlinear carrier dynamics and transport are crucial in semiconductors.
  • Autocatalytic generation of free carriers via impact ionization is a key low-temperature nonlinearity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate non-equilibrium phase transitions in semiconductors driven by nonlinear processes.
  • To understand the role of impact ionization in carrier generation and transport.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nonlinear generation and recombination processes.
  • Study of nonlinear charge transport mechanisms.
  • Investigation of electric field effects on carrier density.

Main Results:

  • Nonlinearities can induce non-equilibrium phase transitions in semiconductors.
  • Impact ionization at low temperatures leads to an abrupt increase in free carrier density at a critical electric field.
  • Static electric fields result in complex filamentary current patterns localized at contacts.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear semiconductor behavior can lead to unique phase transitions.
  • Impact ionization is a fundamental mechanism for carrier generation and nonlinear transport.
  • Filamentary current patterns are a characteristic outcome of these nonlinearities in electric fields.