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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction after cochlear implantation.

Annes J Claes1,2, Suzanne de Backer3, Paul Van de Heyning4,5

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium. annes.claes@uza.be.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|April 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (PCD) occurred in 11.5% of older adults after cochlear implantation, with age being a notable factor. Routine cognitive screening is recommended for early detection and care.

Keywords:
Cochlear implantationHearing impairmentMontreal Cognitive AssessmentOlder adultsPostoperative cognitive declinePostoperative cognitive dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Geriatrics
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (PCD) is a known complication after major surgery.
  • The incidence and risk factors of PCD following cochlear implantation remain largely uninvestigated.
  • Cochlear implantation is increasingly common in older adults with severe hearing impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of PCD in older adults undergoing cochlear implantation.
  • To identify potential risk factors associated with PCD after this procedure.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 26 older participants (mean age 70 years).
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and one week after cochlear implantation.
  • Data on potential risk factors including age, sex, education, hearing impairment duration, depression, anxiety, anesthesia, and surgical events were collected.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of PCD was 11.5%, defined as a Z score change in MoCA scores ≥ 1.96 (a decrease of ≥ 4 points).
  • Age was found to affect postoperative cognitive performance.
  • No other significant risk factors for PCD were identified in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of PCD after cochlear implantation is lower than after major surgeries but higher than after other minor surgeries.
  • Routine pre- and postoperative cognitive screening is advised to identify patients with PCD.
  • Early identification can facilitate timely intervention and specialized care for affected individuals.