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Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
12:43

Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE

Published on: July 29, 2014

12.7K

RIG-I and Other RNA Sensors in Antiviral Immunity

Kwan T Chow1, Michael Gale1, Yueh-Ming Loo1

  • 1Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease and Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; email: kwanchow@uw.edu , mgale@uw.edu , looy@uw.edu.

Annual Review of Immunology
|April 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to trigger innate immunity. This review highlights PRRs sensing viral RNA for effective antiviral responses.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are crucial for detecting conserved microbial molecules, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
  • Specific PRRs have evolved to identify viral nucleic acids, initiating innate immune responses against viral infections.
  • Diverse families of PRRs ensure broad recognition of various viral pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding how PRRs recognize viral components.
  • To explore the signaling pathways triggered by viral RNA sensing.
  • To present emerging themes in innate immune signaling during viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on PRRs involved in viral RNA sensing.
  • Analysis of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) specificity.
  • Discussion of signaling cascades initiated by RNA sensor PRRs.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key PRR families, including RIG-I-like receptors and Toll-like receptors, that sense viral RNA.
  • Elucidation of diverse PAMP specificities for comprehensive viral pathogen coverage.
  • Emerging themes in innate immune signaling pathways activated by viral RNA detection.

Conclusions:

  • PRRs are essential for discriminating viral RNA from host nucleic acids, initiating critical innate immune responses.
  • Understanding these RNA sensor PRRs and their signaling pathways is vital for controlling viral infections.
  • Continued research into PRRs offers insights into developing novel antiviral strategies.
Keywords:
DExD/H box helicasesRIG-I-like receptorsRLRRNA sensingTLRToll-like receptorsantiviral immunityinnate immune signaling

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