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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

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The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Metadata to Describe Genomic Information.

Jaime Delgado1, Daniel Naro1, Silvia Llorente1

  • 1DMAG, DAC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC).

Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
|April 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Standardizing genomic data management requires interoperable metadata. This study introduces a new, flexible ISO/IEC format for efficient, secure storage and transmission of genomic information.

Keywords:
Genomic InformationInteroperabilityMetadataRepresentation

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Data Management

Background:

  • Effective management of genomic information is crucial for research and clinical applications.
  • Current methods for storing and transmitting genomic data face challenges in interoperability and efficiency.
  • Standardization is needed to facilitate seamless data sharing and analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a flexible approach for genomic information management.
  • To contribute to the ISO/IEC standardization of a new genomic data format.
  • To enable efficient and secure compressed storage and transmission of genomic data.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel, flexible data format.
  • Contribution to ISO/IEC standardization processes.
  • Implementation of compression algorithms for storage and transmission.

Main Results:

  • A new format for genomic information has been proposed.
  • The format supports efficient and secure compressed storage.
  • The format facilitates secure transmission of genomic data.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed flexible approach enhances interoperability in genomic data management.
  • The new ISO/IEC standard format improves efficiency and security.
  • This standardization is vital for advancing genomic research and applications.