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Bat-Origin Coronaviruses Expand Their Host Range to Pigs.
Liang Wang1, Shuo Su2, Yuhai Bi3
1CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Trends in Microbiology
|April 23, 2018
Summary
Novel bat coronaviruses found in pigs have mutated to infect this new host. This discovery highlights a potential threat to agriculture and public health due to zoonotic spillover risks.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Zoonotic Diseases
- Molecular Epidemiology
Background:
- Bat-origin coronaviruses are known to cause severe human illness through zoonotic spillover events.
- Recent surveillance identified novel coronaviruses originating from bats within swine populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the emergence and characteristics of bat-origin coronaviruses in pigs.
- To assess the potential public health and agricultural risks associated with these novel viruses.
Main Methods:
- Genomic sequencing of novel coronaviruses detected in pigs.
- Analysis of mutations within the receptor-binding domain (RBD).
- Comparative analysis with known bat and human coronaviruses.
Main Results:
- Identification of unique bat-origin coronaviruses in domestic pigs.
- Significant mutations were observed in the RBD, facilitating adaptation to a new host.
- These mutations suggest an increased potential for viral transmission and infection in swine.
Conclusions:
- Novel bat coronaviruses have successfully adapted to infect pigs, indicating a significant host jump.
- The genetic adaptations pose a potential threat to swine agriculture and warrant further public health surveillance.
- Understanding these viral dynamics is crucial for preventing future zoonotic outbreaks.
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