Cement layer thickness and shear stress resistance in cylindrical dowel spaces: pull-out test

This study evaluated the effects of different dowel space (DS) diameters on pull-out bond strength of a cylindrical post, of threaded steel, to dentin.

Forty-five extracted human teeth were divided in 3 groups with DSs, with the same depth (6 mm), differing for the diameter (i.e. 1.5 mm, Group 1; 1.75 mm, Group 2; 2.00 mm, Group 3). Both the diameter of the post (1.3 mm) and the composite resin cement (Panavia 21) were the same for all the samples. The samples were submitted to pull-out test by means an Universal Testing Machine (Mod. 1193, Instron) (1KN load cell, crosshead speed 0.5 mm/min).

The mean values of the bond strength (BS) were: Group 1, 442±128.3N; Group 2, 411.3±111N; Group 3, 448.7±142.29N. While the calculated average shear bond strengths (SBSs) were: Group 1, 14.7±4.27MPa; Group 2, 11.6±3.14MPa; Group 3, 11±3.5MPa. ANOVA test showed not significative differences, among the groups, concerning the BS: Group 1 vs Group 2 (p = 0.490); Group 1 vs Group 3 (p = 0.894); Group 2 vs Group 3 (p = 0.431). Significative differences were observed, among the groups, concerning the SBS for Group 1 vs Group 2 (p = 0.032) and Group 1 vs Group 3 (p = 0.014). While a not significative difference was found, concerning this parameter, for Group 2 vs Group 3 (p = 0.641).

The cement thickness can influence the SBS of the adhesively luted posts, in our setting, the best values were obtained with a thickness of 100 μm.