Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026
09:31
Evaluation of Stem Cell Therapies in a Bilateral Patellar Tendon Injury Model in Rats
Published on: March 30, 2018
11.7K
Patellar Instability in the Skeletally Immature
Charles A Popkin1, Ahmad F Bayomy2, Evan P Trupia2
1Elbow and Sports Medicine and Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Center for Shoulder, 622 W 168th Street 11th floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA. cp2654@columbia.edu.
Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
|April 24, 2018
Summary
Patellar instability in pediatric patients often requires surgical intervention due to higher re-dislocation rates. Comprehensive evaluation and tailored surgical plans lead to good outcomes for young athletes with knee instability.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Pediatric orthopedics
- Sports medicine
Background:
- Patellar instability is a common knee disorder in skeletally immature patients.
- Pediatric and adolescent patients experience higher rates of re-dislocation compared to adults.
- Unique challenges arise from physeal and apophyseal anatomy in pediatric knee instability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evaluation and management of patellar instability in developing patients.
- To discuss surgical techniques for recurrent patellofemoral instability in the pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on pediatric patellar instability.
- Analysis of surgical techniques including proximal and distal realignment procedures.
- Emphasis on comprehensive patient evaluation and individualized treatment planning.
Main Results:
- Numerous surgical techniques exist, indicating a lack of consensus on the optimal approach.
- Conservative management is effective for primary patellar instability events.
- Multiple instability events frequently necessitate surgical intervention.
Conclusions:
- Good outcomes are achievable when a comprehensive exam and workup inform a surgical plan addressing specific abnormalities.
- Careful consideration of pediatric anatomy is crucial for successful management.
- Tailored surgical strategies improve outcomes for recurrent patellar instability in young patients.
Related Concept Videos
02:17Microtubule Instability
6.3K
Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
6.3K
01:48Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers
59.6K
Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
59.6K
01:02What is the Skeletal System?
57.4K
Overview
57.4K
01:22The Functions of the Skeletal System
6.0K
The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
6.0K
01:20Introduction to the Skeletal System
9.5K
The skeletal system is the central framework of the body, consisting of different connective tissues: bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
Components of the Skeletal System
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a hard connective tissue that forms an internal support structure for the human body. Bones shield vulnerable organs and soft tissue from external forces. For example, the vertebral bones protect and support the spinal cord.
Cartilage, a semi-rigid connective tissue found in regions such as...
Components of the Skeletal System
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a hard connective tissue that forms an internal support structure for the human body. Bones shield vulnerable organs and soft tissue from external forces. For example, the vertebral bones protect and support the spinal cord.
Cartilage, a semi-rigid connective tissue found in regions such as...
9.5K
01:15Overview of Skeletal Muscle
14.8K
Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
14.8K