Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is an Electrochemical Gradient?01:26

What is an Electrochemical Gradient?

128.5K
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is considered the primary energy source in cells. However, energy can also be stored in the electrochemical gradient of an ion across the plasma membrane, which is determined by two factors: its chemical and electrical gradients.
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...
128.5K
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

5.6K
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
5.6K
Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

938
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
938
Bipolar Junction Transistor01:22

Bipolar Junction Transistor

1.5K
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are essential elements in electronic circuits, playing a crucial role in the functionality of amplifiers, memories, and microprocessors. These transistors can be designed as NPN or PNP based on their doping patterns. They consist of three layers: the emitter, base, and collector. The configuration of these layers and their respective doping levels—with N-type or P-type impurities—define the transistor's type and its operational...
1.5K
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.7K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.7K
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

911
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
911

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Electrothermal Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol Over Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Beyond equations: Experimental insights into detection limits in electroanalysis.

Talanta·2026
Same author

Resolving Microscale Selectivity of Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Using Hybrid Dual-Probe Scanning Electrochemical Cell Microscopy.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Coupling Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction With Ethanol Oxidation for Acetate Production in a Dual-Electrolyzer System.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Compositional and Structural Impact on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity across Noble-Metal-Based Compositionally Complex Solid Solutions Thin Film Libraries.

ACS electrochemistry·2026
Same author

Effectiveness of dental resin composites containing calcium orthophosphate particles on dentin remineralization.

Dental materials journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Probing Surface Electrochemical Activity of Nanomaterials using a Hybrid Atomic Force Microscope-Scanning Electrochemical Microscope AFM-SECM
08:31

Probing Surface Electrochemical Activity of Nanomaterials using a Hybrid Atomic Force Microscope-Scanning Electrochemical Microscope AFM-SECM

Published on: February 10, 2021

7.5K

Scanning Bipolar Electrochemical Microscopy.

Vera Eßmann1, Carla Santana Santos1,2, Tsvetan Tarnev1

  • 1Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES) , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätßtrasse 150 , D-44780 Bochum , Germany.

Analytical Chemistry
|April 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scanning bipolar electrochemical microscopy overcomes spatial resolution limits of traditional methods. This new technique maps analyte concentrations using a wireless scanning bipolar electrode, enabling detailed imaging of localized molecular release.

More Related Videos

Imaging Exocytosis in Retinal Bipolar Cells with TIRF Microscopy
11:54

Imaging Exocytosis in Retinal Bipolar Cells with TIRF Microscopy

Published on: June 9, 2009

12.1K
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Electrochemical Rate Constant Estimation
08:41

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Electrochemical Rate Constant Estimation

Published on: October 10, 2018

25.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Probing Surface Electrochemical Activity of Nanomaterials using a Hybrid Atomic Force Microscope-Scanning Electrochemical Microscope AFM-SECM
08:31

Probing Surface Electrochemical Activity of Nanomaterials using a Hybrid Atomic Force Microscope-Scanning Electrochemical Microscope AFM-SECM

Published on: February 10, 2021

7.5K
Imaging Exocytosis in Retinal Bipolar Cells with TIRF Microscopy
11:54

Imaging Exocytosis in Retinal Bipolar Cells with TIRF Microscopy

Published on: June 9, 2009

12.1K
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Electrochemical Rate Constant Estimation
08:41

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Electrochemical Rate Constant Estimation

Published on: October 10, 2018

25.9K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Electrochemical techniques provide high temporal resolution for studying electroactive species dynamics.
  • Micro- or nanoelectrodes are used to monitor rapid concentration changes near sample surfaces.
  • Current methods face spatial resolution limitations due to minimal electrode size requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce scanning bipolar electrochemical microscopy (SBEM) as a solution to spatial resolution limitations.
  • To present the experimental system designed for SBEM.
  • To demonstrate SBEM's capability in mapping spatially heterogeneous analyte concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Development and implementation of a wireless scanning bipolar electrode system.
  • Utilizing electrochemiluminescence to visualize analyte concentrations.
  • Performing bipolar line and array scans to elucidate the working principle.
  • Positioning a bipolar electrode array for localized analyte release imaging.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of the scanning bipolar electrochemical microscopy concept.
  • Successful mapping of spatially heterogeneous analyte concentrations.
  • Generation of an electrochemiluminescence map of sample reactivity.
  • Imaging of localized release of analyte molecules using a bipolar electrode array.

Conclusions:

  • Scanning bipolar electrochemical microscopy effectively overcomes the spatial resolution limitations of conventional electrochemical techniques.
  • The developed experimental system enables precise positioning of a wireless scanning bipolar electrode.
  • SBEM provides a powerful tool for creating electrochemiluminescence maps and imaging localized analyte release with high spatial resolution.