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Radiographic alveolar bone morphology and progressive periodontitis.

Thomas E Rams1,2, Max A Listgarten3, Jørgen Slots4

  • 1Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA.

Journal of Periodontology
|April 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Angular bone defects and deep periodontal pockets predict progressive periodontitis. Intact radiographic lamina dura indicates long-term clinical stability in treated periodontitis patients.

Keywords:
diagnosisperiodontitisprognosisradiography, dentalrisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Periodontology
  • Oral Radiology
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between radiographic bone morphology and periodontitis progression is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Chronic periodontitis requires ongoing maintenance care to prevent disease advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between radiographic alveolar bone morphology and the progression of periodontitis.
  • To identify radiographic predictors of progressive periodontitis in patients undergoing maintenance care.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic assessment of marginal bone morphology (angular vs. horizontal) and lamina dura in 1,356 posterior interproximal sites from 56 adults.
  • Clinical evaluation for progressive periodontitis semi-annually over a 30-month post-treatment period.
  • Logistic regression analysis to identify baseline predictors of disease progression.

Main Results:

  • Progressive periodontitis occurred in 2.4% of sites, with angular bony defects showing a significantly higher incidence (14.7%) than horizontal topography (1.8%).
  • Angular bony defects (OR=10.6) and probing depths ≥5 mm (OR=4.2) were significant independent predictors of progressive periodontitis.
  • Sites with intact radiographic lamina dura, regardless of bone morphology or probing depth, remained stable for at least 24 months.

Conclusions:

  • Post-treatment angular bone morphology and deep periodontal pockets (≥5 mm) are significant risk factors for progressive periodontitis.
  • The presence of radiographic crestal lamina dura at baseline is a strong indicator of long-term clinical stability (≥24 months) in periodontitis patients.