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Soluble TREM2 and biomarkers of central and peripheral inflammation in neurodegenerative disease

L M Bekris1, M Khrestian1, E Dyne2

  • 1Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States.

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|April 25, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study investigated the link between inflammation and soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). General inflammation did not significantly impact cerebrospinal fluid sTREM2 levels, but peripheral sTREM2 may influence central sTREM2 in AD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to neuroinflammation.
  • Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial receptor involved in innate immunity.
  • Rare TREM2 genetic variants and elevated soluble TREM2 (sTREM2) are associated with AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between central and peripheral inflammation and sTREM2 levels in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To determine if general inflammation impacts cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sTREM2 levels.
  • To explore the potential role of peripheral TREM2 in central TREM2 biology.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CSF and peripheral sTREM2 levels.
  • Assessment of central and peripheral inflammation markers.
  • Evaluation of blood-brain barrier integrity markers.

Main Results:

  • No consistent association was found between peripheral or central inflammation markers and CSF sTREM2 levels in AD.
  • Peripheral sTREM2 levels were associated with CSF sTREM2 levels in AD.
  • CSF sTREM2 levels were associated with a marker of blood-brain barrier integrity in AD.

Conclusions:

  • General inflammation appears to have a limited impact on CSF sTREM2 levels in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Peripheral TREM2 may play a role in central TREM2 biology within the context of AD.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex interplay between TREM2, inflammation, and AD pathogenesis.

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