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Related Concept Videos

Solvents01:12

Solvents

71.3K
A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
71.3K
Titration in Nonaqueous Solvents01:16

Titration in Nonaqueous Solvents

1.4K
Most acid-base titrations are performed in an aqueous medium. In aqueous titrations, water competes with weaker acids or bases for proton donation or acceptance, leading to ambiguous endpoints in the titration curve. Water also affects the partial ionization of weak acids or bases. For example, water accepts a proton from acetic acid to form hydronium and acetate ions. The hydronium ion formed is a stronger acid than acetic acid, and the acetate ion is a stronger base than water. As a result,...
1.4K
Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

880
Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
880
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

1.4K
In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
1.4K
Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

Lewis Acids and Bases

48.5K
In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
48.5K
Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

25.4K
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
25.4K

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Preparation of Biopolymer Aerogels Using Green Solvents
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Preparation of Biopolymer Aerogels Using Green Solvents

Published on: July 4, 2016

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Green and Bio-Based Solvents.

Francisco G Calvo-Flores1, María José Monteagudo-Arrebola2, José A Dobado2

  • 1Grupo de Modelizacin Molecular, Dpto. de Qumica Orgnica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain. fgarciac@ugr.es.

Topics in Current Chemistry (Cham)
|April 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores green solvents, focusing on their properties and sustainable production from biomass. It highlights alternatives to petrochemical-based solvents for a healthier environment.

Keywords:
Green solventsbio-based solventsgreen chemistryrenewable raw materials

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Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Solvent Technology
  • Biomass Conversion

Background:

  • Solvents are crucial in chemical processes but pose health and environmental risks.
  • Traditional solvents rely on non-renewable petrochemical feedstocks.
  • Growing concerns drive the search for sustainable solvent alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and characterize green solvents.
  • To review methods for producing solvents from biomass.
  • To present alternatives to petrochemical-based solvent production.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on green solvent properties.
  • Analysis of biomass-derived solvent synthesis routes.
  • Comparison with conventional petrochemical methods.

Main Results:

  • Established criteria for identifying green solvents.
  • Identified viable biomass conversion pathways for solvent production.
  • Highlighted environmental and health benefits of green solvents.

Conclusions:

  • Green solvents offer a sustainable alternative to traditional ones.
  • Biomass presents a renewable feedstock for solvent manufacturing.
  • Adoption of green solvents is key to sustainable chemical industry practices.