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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Underwater Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy for Gastroesophageal Varices
Published on: August 1, 2025
Complete esophageal obstruction following endoscopic variceal ligation: a case report and literature review
Jan Kubovy1, Tom D Boswell1, Guy Vautier1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Hawkes Bay Hospital, Hastings, New Zealand.
Abstract:
Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is an important treatment modality in managing complications of portal hypertension. Since its advent 30 years ago, the procedural complications have decreased significantly, especially when compared with variceal sclerotherapy. With the current widespread use of EVL, rare complications are now becoming increasingly recognized. We present a case of complete esophageal obstruction, its management, and clinical course. Our literature review identified only eight reported cases. We compare the varied treatment approaches and outcomes in the cited articles.
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