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Related Concept Videos

Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality01:27

Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality

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The psychodynamic perspective in psychology asserts that most personality functions operate unconsciously, outside of awareness. This means that the motives and emotions driving behavior often remain hidden, automatically buried in the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to shield us from psychological distress. According to this theory, the unconscious mind contains thoughts, memories, and emotions that are too disturbing to face directly.
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Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality01:30

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Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
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Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective01:23

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In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
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The Behavioral Perspective on Personality01:19

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Behaviorists view personality as primarily shaped by environmental reinforcements and consequences. According to this perspective, behavior is influenced by external stimuli, and individuals adjust their actions based on rewards and punishments. Over time, learning histories — accumulated patterns of reinforcement — play a significant role in shaping personality. Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are reinforced, while those resulting in negative outcomes are diminished.
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Perspectives on Neuroscience
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H3Africa: current perspectives.

Nicola Mulder1, Alash'le Abimiku2, Sally N Adebamowo3

  • 1Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine
|April 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Precision medicine in Africa is advanced by the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative. This program builds capacity and generates population-specific genomic data to enable tailored healthcare solutions.

Keywords:
H3Africadiseasegenomic medicinepopulation geneticsprecision medicinetraining

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Bioinformatics
  • Public Health
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Precision medicine adoption is hindered in low- and middle-income countries by resource and knowledge gaps.
  • The Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) initiative aims to bridge these gaps.
  • Genomic research capacity and population-specific data are crucial for precision medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the contributions of the H3Africa consortium to advancing precision medicine in Africa.
  • To highlight the initiative's role in building research capacity and generating relevant genomic data.
  • To discuss the potential of H3Africa to realize precision medicine for African populations.

Main Methods:

  • The H3Africa consortium processes samples and clinical data from over 70,000 participants continent-wide.
  • Investment in high-quality African biorepositories and a robust bioinformatic network.
  • Development of a comprehensive training program for genomic data analysis and interpretation.

Main Results:

  • Novel insights into the genetic basis of diseases in indigenous African populations are emerging.
  • The initiative is generating essential reference data for local populations.
  • Skills in genomic data analysis and interpretation have been significantly enhanced across various professional groups.

Conclusions:

  • H3Africa is pivotal in establishing the necessary infrastructure and expertise for precision medicine in Africa.
  • The generated genomic insights hold potential for developing new diagnostics and treatments.
  • The consortium's efforts are paving the way for the practical implementation of precision medicine across the continent.