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Experimental Observation of Classical Dynamical Monodromy
M P Nerem1, D Salmon1, S Aubin1
1Department of Physics, College of William and Mary, 300 Ukrop Way, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185-8795, USA.
Abstract:
A Hamiltonian system is said to have nontrivial monodromy if its fundamental action-angle loops do not return to their initial topological state at the end of a closed circuit in angular momentum-energy space. This process has been predicted to have consequences which can be seen in dynamical systems, called dynamical monodromy. Using an apparatus consisting of a spherical pendulum subject to magnetic potentials and torques, we observe nontrivial monodromy by the associated topological change in the evolution of a loop of trajectories.
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