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P2Y12R-Dependent Translocation Mechanisms Gate the Changing Microglial Landscape
Ukpong B Eyo1, Mingshu Mo2, Min-Hee Yi3
1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Cell Reports
|April 26, 2018
Summary
Microglia constantly rearrange their positions daily in the brain. This dynamic microglial landscape is regulated by P2Y12 receptors, influencing how these immune cells patrol the central nervous system.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS).
- Their territorial organization and dynamic regulation remain incompletely understood.
- The contribution of circulating monocytes to the microglial population is negligible.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dynamic nature of the microglial landscape in vivo.
- To identify molecular mechanisms regulating microglial positioning.
- To determine the role of specific receptors in microglial territoriality.
Main Methods:
- Chronic in vivo two-photon imaging in young adult mice.
- Observation of microglial population dynamics over time.
- Modulation of the microglial landscape through physiological and pathological stimuli.
Main Results:
- Documented a daily rearrangement of the microglial landscape.
- Demonstrated that severe seizures, acute injury, and sensory deprivation modulate this landscape.
- Identified a critical role for microglial P2Y12 receptors in regulating landscape via cellular translocation, independent of proliferation.
Conclusions:
- Microglia exhibit dynamic daily rearrangements of their landscape.
- Microglial P2Y12 receptors are crucial for regulating microglial positioning through somatic translocation.
- Microglia patrol the CNS using both process motility and soma translocation, highlighting their active surveillance role.
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