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Systematic conservation planning for intraspecific genetic diversity.

Ivan Paz-Vinas1,2,3, Géraldine Loot4,5, Virgilio Hermoso6

  • 1CNRS, UPS, IRD; UMR-5174 EDB, Université de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 4, France ivanpaz23@gmail.com.

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Identifying priority conservation areas for intraspecific diversity is crucial. Multi-species genetic data reveal effective conservation solutions, outperforming single-species or taxonomic approaches.

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biodiversity conservationconservation geneticsdendritic networksmicrosatellitesmulti-specificspatial biodiversity patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Conservation genetics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Freshwater ecology

Background:

  • Intraspecific diversity is key for population dynamics and evolution, yet priority areas for its conservation are understudied, particularly across multiple species.
  • Existing methods for biological conservation units are insufficient for landscape-scale priority area identification for genetic diversity.
  • Freshwater ecosystems face unique challenges in conserving genetic diversity due to riverscape connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genetic diversity hotspots and coldspots in six European freshwater fish species.
  • To apply systematic conservation planning to pinpoint priority areas for intraspecific diversity.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of multi-specific versus single-species conservation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Neutral molecular data were analyzed for six fish species across the Garonne-Dordogne river basin.
  • Systematic conservation planning was employed to delineate priority areas based on genetic diversity.
  • Genetic diversity indices were assessed for their predictive power in identifying conservation priorities.
  • Surrogacy analyses were conducted to compare multi-specific and single-species conservation outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Systematic conservation planning effectively identified priority areas capturing significant genetic diversity.
  • Private allelic richness was a better predictor of priority areas than other genetic diversity indices.
  • Conservation solutions were largely species-specific, indicating weak surrogacy between species.
  • Multi-species genetic data yielded more effective conservation areas than single-species or taxonomic criteria.

Conclusions:

  • Systematic conservation planning is a robust tool for safeguarding intraspecific genetic diversity at a landscape scale.
  • Prioritizing areas based on multi-species genetic data offers superior conservation outcomes compared to single-species or traditional approaches.
  • Conservation strategies must account for species-specific genetic distinctiveness to be effective.