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Updated: Feb 11, 2026
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Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling
Published on: July 26, 2017
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Toll and Toll-like receptor signalling in development.
Niki Anthoney1, Istvan Foldi1, Alicia Hidalgo2
1NeuroDevelopment Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Development (Cambridge, England)
|April 27, 2018
Summary
Toll and Toll-like receptors (TLRs), known for immunity, also regulate development by controlling cell fate, number, and neural connections. These receptors signal beyond NF-κB, impacting cell communication and synaptic activity.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Toll and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial for innate immunity.
- Initially identified in developmental studies, their role in development was largely overlooked.
- Recent research uncovers novel developmental functions for Toll/TLRs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of Toll/TLR signaling pathways.
- To discuss the diverse roles of Toll/TLRs in regulating development across species.
- To highlight emerging mechanisms of Toll/TLR action.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Toll/TLR signaling.
- Analysis of studies on Toll/TLR functions in development.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on molecular mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Toll/TLRs regulate key developmental processes including cell fate and number.
- These receptors are essential for neural circuit formation and synaptogenesis.
- Toll/TLR signaling extends beyond the canonical NF-κB pathway, influencing cell communication.
Conclusions:
- Toll/TLRs play multifaceted roles in development, extending beyond immunity.
- Understanding Toll/TLR signaling is critical for comprehending developmental processes.
- Novel signaling mechanisms are being elucidated, revealing broader functions in cell communication and synaptic activity.
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