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[Allergic emergencies].

A-C Herr1, T Biedermann1, K Brockow2

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, München, Deutschland.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Anaphylaxis and angioedema require prompt emergency treatment, prioritizing airway management and allergen removal. Adrenaline is key for cardiovascular or respiratory compromise, with antihistamines and steroids for milder cases.

Keywords:
AdrenalineAnaphylaxisAngioedemaAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorsTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Anaphylactic reactions and head and neck angioedema are medical emergencies.
  • Prompt diagnosis and symptom-directed therapy are crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline emergency management strategies for anaphylaxis and angioedema.
  • To differentiate treatment approaches based on symptom severity and type of angioedema.

Main Methods:

  • Immediate allergen disruption, patient positioning, IV access, and emergency calls.
  • Adrenaline administration for cardiovascular/respiratory compromise.
  • H1-antihistamines and glucocorticoids for allergic reactions and histamine-induced angioedema.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular involvement necessitates volume substitution and oxygen.
  • Lower airway obstruction requires inhaled beta-mimetics.
  • Hereditary or ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema may need icatibant, C1-inhibitor, or FFP.

Conclusions:

  • Symptom-based management is essential for anaphylaxis and angioedema.
  • Airway maintenance is paramount, with intubation indicated for severe obstruction.
  • Continuous patient monitoring until remission is vital.