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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

Published on: December 28, 2010

Understanding the Brain, By Default.

James M Shine¹, Michael Breakspear²

¹The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Trends in Neurosciences

|April 29, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The brain is always active, even at rest. A 2001 study revealed a

Keywords:

default mode fMRI oxygen extraction fraction positron emission tomography resting state

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Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and fMRI to Examine the Default Mode Network

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Published on: November 1, 2007

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Imaging

Background:

The traditional view posited a 'task-rest' dichotomy in brain function.
Prior models suggested the brain was largely inactive during rest periods.
This dichotomy did not account for continuous neural activity patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To challenge the 'task-rest' dichotomy in brain function.
To investigate the brain's activity state during resting conditions.
To identify a baseline or intrinsic mode of brain operation.

Main Methods:

Utilized functional neuroimaging techniques (e.g., fMRI, PET) to monitor brain activity.
Analyzed neural activity patterns during spontaneous, unconstrained rest states.
Compared resting-state activity with task-evoked activity.

Main Results:

Identified a consistent pattern of brain activity during rest, termed the 'default mode' of brain function.
Demonstrated that this default mode network (DMN) is metabolically active and organized.
Showed significant overlap and anti-correlation between DMN activity and task-positive networks.

Conclusions:

The brain exhibits a continuous, intrinsic mode of operation even without external tasks.
This default mode represents a metabolically active equilibrium, not passive rest.
Brain function involves a dynamic balance between intrinsic activity and task-related processing.