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Association Between Early Menarche and School Bullying
Qiru Su1, Zhengyang Chen2, Ruili Li3
1National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Summary
Early menarche, or the onset of menstruation before age 11, is linked to increased bullying involvement in adolescent girls. This includes both victimization and perpetration, highlighting a need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Health
- Developmental Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Early pubertal onset is suspected to influence social behaviors, including bullying.
- Previous research on early menarche and school bullying has yielded inconsistent results.
- Understanding this association is crucial for developing effective school-based interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between early menarche and bullying victimization.
- To examine the association between early menarche and bullying perpetration.
- To clarify the link between early menarche and different levels of bullying involvement.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2001-2010) across 35 European and North American countries.
- Defined early menarche as onset before 11 years of age.
- Employed three-level logistic regression models to analyze associations with bullying victimization and perpetration, using the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire.
Main Results:
- The study included over 227,000 adolescent girls, with 4.47% experiencing early menarche.
- Early menarche was significantly associated with both occasional (OR 1.21-1.19) and frequent (OR 1.35-1.46) bullying victimization and perpetration.
- These associations remained significant after adjusting for relevant covariates.
Conclusions:
- Early menarche is positively associated with increased bullying victimization and perpetration among adolescent girls in Europe and North America.
- Findings underscore the importance of considering pubertal timing in the context of bullying.
- Early-maturing girls require specific attention within anti-bullying programs and strategies.
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