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Ionizing radiation exposure: hazards, prevention, and biomarker screening
Hongxiang Mu1, Jing Sun1, Linwei Li1
1Institute of Cytology and Genetics, College of pharmaceutical and biological science, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|April 30, 2018
Summary
This review explores radiation's dual nature as an environmental factor and medical tool. It highlights the need for biomarkers, such as those from proteomics and genomics, to assess radiation exposure and health effects.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Medical Physics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Radiation, a form of energy, encompasses both ionizing and nonionizing types.
- Ionizing radiation, while useful in medicine, poses risks to living organisms.
- Effective radiation protection measures and standards are crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the significance of radiation in the environment and medicine.
- To emphasize the critical need for biomarkers to assess radiation dose and health impacts.
- To discuss omics technologies in the search for radiation biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on radiation and its effects.
- Exploration of protective measures and standards for radiation exposure.
- Analysis of omics approaches (proteomics, genomics, metabolomics, lipidomics) for biomarker discovery.
Main Results:
- Radiation presents both environmental and medical challenges.
- Current protective measures aim to mitigate radiation's harmful effects.
- Omics technologies show promise in identifying biomarkers for radiation dose assessment.
Conclusions:
- Accurate assessment of radiation dose and biological impact is essential.
- Biomarkers derived from omics studies can aid in rapid individual dose assessment.
- Continued research in omics is vital for advancing radiation safety and medical applications.
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