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Related Experiment Video

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Relationship between brain plasticity, learning and foraging performance in honey bees.

Amélie Cabirol1,2, Alex J Cope3, Andrew B Barron1

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Honey bee learning performance and brain structure change with foraging experience. Early foraging due to stress worsens learning decline, suggesting experience-driven neuroplasticity impacts cognition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Brain structure and learning are influenced by experience.
  • The link between neuroplasticity and cognitive performance in natural settings is not fully understood.
  • Mushroom bodies (MBs) are crucial for olfactory learning in insects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanistic link between experience-dependent variability in learning performance and neuroplasticity in foraging honey bees.
  • To assess how foraging activity and age at first foraging affect reversal learning and MB synaptic connectivity.
  • To explore the relationship between experience, neuroplasticity, and cognitive performance in an ecological context.

Main Methods:

  • Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology was used to track individual honey bees.
  • Performance in reversal learning tasks was assessed in relation to foraging activity and age.
  • Synaptic connectivity in the mushroom bodies (MBs) was analyzed.
  • A computational model of the MBs was developed to simulate information coding.

Main Results:

  • Reversal learning performance improved at foraging onset but declined with increased foraging experience.
  • Early foraging, induced by colony stress, led to a more severe decline in learning performance with experience.
  • MB synaptic bouton numbers decreased at foraging onset and increased with foraging intensity.
  • Sparser information coding at the MB input enhanced reversal learning performance in the computational model.

Conclusions:

  • Honey bee MB structure is optimized for updating learned information at foraging onset.
  • Cognitive performance optimization deteriorates with increased foraging effort, linked to changes in MB connectivity.
  • Experience-driven neuroplasticity in MBs provides a plausible mechanism for linking experience, brain structure, and cognitive performance in foraging bees.