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Dynamic functional connectivity markers of objective trait mindfulness.

Julian Lim1, James Teng1, Amiya Patanaik1

  • 1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurosciences and Behavioral Disorders Department, Duke-NUS Medical School, 169857, Singapore.

Neuroimage
|May 1, 2018
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Summary

High trait mindfulness individuals exhibit distinct dynamic brain connectivity patterns. These dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) patterns, particularly in task-readiness states, may serve as objective biomarkers for dispositional mindfulness.

Keywords:
Breath-countingDynamic functional connectivityMindfulnessResting-state fMRIState transitions

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Dispositional mindfulness, a naturally varying trait, has known static neural correlates.
  • Previous research focused on static functional connectivity, overlooking time-varying patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate time-varying brain connectivity patterns associated with dispositional mindfulness using dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis.
  • To identify objective neural markers differentiating high and low trait mindfulness.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI data analyzed using DFC.
  • Participants categorized into high trait mindfulness (HTM) and low trait mindfulness (LTM) groups based on breath-counting task performance.
  • Comparison of brain state transitions and dwell times between groups.

Main Results:

  • The HTM group spent more time in a 'task-ready' brain state characterized by high within-network connectivity and anti-correlation between task-positive and default-mode networks (DMN).
  • HTM individuals showed more frequent transitions between brain states.
  • Static connectivity maps revealed greater DMN and salience network within-connectivity in HTM individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic functional connectivity features robustly distinguish individuals with high and low trait mindfulness.
  • DFC patterns may offer potential as biological markers for measuring dispositional mindfulness objectively.