Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

1.4K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
1.4K
Statistical Significance01:50

Statistical Significance

22.2K
Once data is collected from both the experimental and the control groups, a statistical analysis is conducted to find out if there are meaningful differences between the two groups. A statistical analysis determines how likely any difference found is due to chance (and thus not meaningful). In psychology, group differences are considered meaningful, or significant, if the odds that these differences occurred by chance alone are 5 percent or less. Stated another way, if we repeated this...
22.2K
Typical Model Studies01:30

Typical Model Studies

638
Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
638
DNA Base Pairing02:27

DNA Base Pairing

33.7K
Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,
33.7K
Probability in Statistics01:14

Probability in Statistics

23.5K
Probability is the likelihood of an event occurring. The term event is defined as a collection of results of a procedure. An event is a simple event when an outcome cannot be divided into simpler parts.
An example of a simple event is a coin toss. The result of a coin toss is either a head or a tail. Here, head and tail are two simple events. These two simple events make up the sample space. Further, the probability of an event occurring falls within the range of 0 to 1. The probability of an...
23.5K
Introduction to Statistics01:17

Introduction to Statistics

64.6K
The science of statistics involves collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data. The method of collecting, organizing, and summarizing data is called descriptive statistics. The systematic method of drawing inferences from the sample data and predicting unknown characteristics of a population is called inferential statistics.
In statistics, the collection of individuals or objects under study is called population. The idea of sampling is to select a portion of the larger population...
64.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perception and Cognitive Control in Rationally Inattentive Child Behaviour.

Developmental science·2024
Same author

Rational inattention: A new theory of neurodivergent information seeking.

Developmental science·2024
Same author

Time flows vertically in Chinese.

Brain and cognition·2023
Same author

Per-oral pancreatoscopy-guided lithotripsy vs. extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for treating refractory main pancreatic duct stones in chronic pancreatitis: Protocol for an open-label multi-center randomized clinical trial.

Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.]·2022
Same author

Endoscopic treatment of a refractory benign biliary stricture using cholangioscopy-guided thulium laser stricturoplasty.

VideoGIE : an official video journal of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy·2022
Same author

Alterations in Diffusion Measures of White Matter Integrity Associated with Healthy Aging.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:17

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

3.0K

Episodic traces and statistical regularities: Paired associate learning in typical and dyslexic readers.

Manon Wyn Jones1, Jan-Rouke Kuipers2, Sinead Nugent1

  • 1School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales LL57 2AS, United Kingdom.

Cognition
|May 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Good readers efficiently learn visual-phonological associations, unlike those with developmental dyslexia. Typical readers improve recall with repetition by using consistent location cues, aiding reading acquisition.

Keywords:
Developmental dyslexiaEpisodic memoryEye-trackingLooking-at-nothingPaired associated learningStatistical learningVisual-phonological binding

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Neural Mechanisms Through Automated Evaluation of Motor Learning and Myelin Plasticity Studies Using the Erasmus Ladder
08:51

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Neural Mechanisms Through Automated Evaluation of Motor Learning and Myelin Plasticity Studies Using the Erasmus Ladder

Published on: December 15, 2023

2.1K
Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae
09:22

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Published on: February 18, 2013

19.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:17

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

3.0K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Neural Mechanisms Through Automated Evaluation of Motor Learning and Myelin Plasticity Studies Using the Erasmus Ladder
08:51

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Neural Mechanisms Through Automated Evaluation of Motor Learning and Myelin Plasticity Studies Using the Erasmus Ladder

Published on: December 15, 2023

2.1K
Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae
09:22

Appetitive Associative Olfactory Learning in Drosophila Larvae

Published on: February 18, 2013

19.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Reading acquisition relies on learning visual-phonological associations.
  • Cognitive mechanisms for efficient learning in typical readers and deficits in developmental dyslexia are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive mechanisms of novel visual-phonological association learning in typical and dyslexic adults.
  • To explore differences in implicit memory and learning strategies between reading groups.

Main Methods:

  • Repeated cued-recall task with visual and phonological stimuli.
  • Looking-at-nothing paradigm to assess implicit memory for target locations.
  • Eye-fixation contingent error analysis to examine encoding and retrieval strategies.

Main Results:

  • Typical readers demonstrated superior recall of novel phonological associates compared to dyslexic readers.
  • Recall accuracy improved more with repetition in typical readers.
  • Typical readers utilized consistent target locations across trials for better recall, unlike dyslexic readers who relied on the most recent location.

Conclusions:

  • Typical readers' enhanced learning stems from robust encoding and retrieval, leveraging statistical contingencies across exposures.
  • Dyslexic readers exhibit distinct patterns in implicit memory use, potentially contributing to reading difficulties.
  • Findings highlight the role of implicit memory in forming foundational reading skills and identify weaknesses in developmental dyslexia.