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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

37.2K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
37.2K
Solubility Equilibria03:07

Solubility Equilibria

57.7K
Solubility equilibria are established when the dissolution and precipitation of a solute species occur at equal rates. These equilibria underlie many natural and technological processes, ranging from tooth decay to water purification. An understanding of the factors affecting compound solubility is, therefore, essential to the effective management of these processes. This section applies previously introduced equilibrium concepts and tools to systems involving dissolution and precipitation.
The...
57.7K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.3K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.3K
Physical Properties Affecting Solubility02:19

Physical Properties Affecting Solubility

27.1K
Solutions of Gases in Liquids
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
27.1K
Solubility03:00

Solubility

21.2K
Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...
21.2K
Chemical and Solubility Equilibria02:21

Chemical and Solubility Equilibria

5.0K
The free energy change associated with dissolving a solute in a liter of solvent is called the free energy of a solution, ΔGsolution. The overall ΔGsolution is expressed as the balance of ΔGinteraction against the always-favorable free-energy of mixing, ΔGmixing. Solution formation is favorable if  ΔGsolution is less than zero, whereas it is unfavorable if ΔGsolution is greater than zero. In short, for a solution to form and complete dissolution to take place,...
5.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

The Effect of Charging and Discharging Lithium Iron Phosphate-graphite Cells at Different Temperatures on Degradation
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A Soluble C60 Graphite Segment.

Vivekanantan S Iyer1, Kimihiro Yoshimura1, Volker Enkelmann1

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 6131-379-350.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers investigated a nanodimensional C60 graphite segment, finding its long-chain alkyl substituents enhance solubility. Monolayers of this compound on graphite were successfully characterized using scanning tunneling microscopy.

Keywords:
CyclodehydrogenationsGraphite segmentsNanostructuresPolycyclesScanning tunneling microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Investigating the properties of nanodimensional materials is crucial for advancing technology.
  • Fullerenes, such as C60, are carbon allotropes with unique electronic and structural characteristics.
  • Solubility challenges often limit the practical application and characterization of nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a soluble nanodimensional C60 graphite segment.
  • To explore the self-assembly and surface properties of this modified fullerene.
  • To demonstrate the utility of scanning tunneling microscopy for analyzing such materials.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a C60 graphite segment with long-chain alkyl substituents.
  • Preparation of monolayers of the compound on a graphite substrate.
  • Characterization using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).

Main Results:

  • The synthesized nanodimensional C60 graphite segment (1) exhibited solubility due to its alkyl substituents.
  • Monolayers of compound 1 were successfully formed on graphite surfaces.
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy provided detailed topographical information of the monolayers.

Conclusions:

  • Long-chain alkyl substituents can impart solubility to nanodimensional C60 graphite segments.
  • The study demonstrates a viable method for preparing and characterizing soluble fullerene derivatives.
  • Scanning tunneling microscopy is effective for analyzing the structure of fullerene-based monolayers on surfaces.