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Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
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Imaging Differences between Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis: A Multi-Institutional
H Tatekawa1, S Sakamoto2, M Hori3
1From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (H.T., S.S., S.D., T.S., Y.M.), Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|May 5, 2018
Summary
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) show distinct MRI lesion patterns. Quantitative analysis confirms imaging differences, aiding accurate NMOSD and MS diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Radiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are often misdiagnosed due to overlapping MRI features.
- Accurate differentiation is crucial for appropriate treatment and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and confirm distinct imaging characteristics between NMOSD and MS.
- To utilize quantitative analysis of large-scale MRI data for improved diagnostic accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 89 NMOSD and 89 MS patients from Japanese institutions (2008-2012).
- Two neuroradiologists visually assessed lesion number, location, and size in brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves.
- Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in brain lesion distribution: NMOSD showed more periventricular (17% vs 41%) and deep white matter lesions (68% vs 42%) compared to MS.
- Spinal cord lesions differed significantly (P=.024): NMOSD had more thoracic lesions (71% vs 54%) than MS.
- Thoracic lesions in NMOSD were longer than cervical lesions (P=.001), unlike in MS.
Conclusions:
- Quantitative MRI analysis confirms distinct imaging patterns between NMOSD and MS.
- These imaging differences, particularly in brain and spinal cord lesions, have significant clinical implications for diagnosis.
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