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Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Inductance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line01:28

Inductance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line

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Understanding the inductance of transmission lines is crucial for efficient design and operation in electrical power systems. This discussion delves into the inductance characteristics of single-phase two-wire and three-phase three-wire transmission lines with equal phase spacing.
Single-Phase Two-Wire Line:
A single-phase line consists of two solid cylindrical conductors, denoted as x and y. Each conductor carries phasor currents ix and iy, respectively. Given that the sum of these currents is...
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Capacitance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line01:25

Capacitance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line

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In electrical power systems, understanding the capacitance of transmission lines is fundamental for efficient operation.
Single-Phase Lines
Consider a single-phase, two-wire transmission line with equal phase spacing energized by a voltage source. One conductor carries a uniform positive charge, while the other carries an equal negative charge. The capacitance C of the line can be derived from the voltage V between the conductors. For a one-meter section of the line, the capacitance is given...
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Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

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Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
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Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

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Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Quantitation of Protein Expression and Co-localization Using Multiplexed Immuno-histochemical Staining and Multispectral Imaging
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Quantitation of Protein Expression and Co-localization Using Multiplexed Immuno-histochemical Staining and Multispectral Imaging

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Effect of tissue staining in quantitative phase imaging.

Sungbea Ban1, Eunjung Min2, Yujin Ahn1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Biophotonics
|May 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) can identify tissue abnormalities without labels. However, staining dyes like hematoxylin and eosin can alter QPI measurements, especially at specific wavelengths, impacting tissue morphology analysis.

Keywords:
interference microscopyoptical propertiesphase measurementquantitative phase imagingscattering measurement

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical optics
  • Cellular imaging
  • Histopathology

Background:

  • Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is a label-free technique for analyzing biological tissues.
  • Its application in stained tissues remains largely uncharacterized.
  • Understanding QPI variability with common staining methods is crucial for reliable diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of staining dyes on QPI measurements.
  • To determine how optical properties vary with different tissue types and staining protocols.
  • To assess the influence of staining dye absorption wavelengths on QPI data.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of QPI in unstained and stained (hematoxylin and eosin) biological tissues (brain, heart, lung).
  • Measurement of optical properties at 550 nm and 730 nm.
  • Correlation of QPI variations with tissue morphology and dye absorption spectra.

Main Results:

  • Phase and scattering coefficients derived from QPI showed significant variability when measured at the absorption wavelengths of the staining dye.
  • This variability was dependent on the specific tissue morphology.
  • The observed changes highlight potential artifacts in QPI of stained samples.

Conclusions:

  • Staining dyes, particularly hematoxylin and eosin, introduce variability in QPI measurements.
  • QPI analysis in stained tissues requires careful consideration of dye absorption spectra and tissue morphology.
  • Further research is needed to develop QPI methods robust to staining artifacts for improved histopathological analysis.