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Related Concept Videos

Oxidation Numbers03:14

Oxidation Numbers

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In redox reactions, the transfer of electrons occurs between reacting species. Electron transfer is described by a hypothetical number called the oxidation number (or oxidation state). It represents the effective charge of an atom or element, which is assigned using a set of rules.
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After glycolysis, the charged pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondria via active transport and undergo three enzymatic reactions. These reactions ensure that pyruvate can enter the next metabolic pathway so that energy stored in the pyruvate molecules can be harnessed by the cells.
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In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
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Corrosion02:49

Corrosion

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The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
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Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

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In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
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Iron Nanowire Fabrication by Nano-Porous Anodized Aluminum and its Characterization
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Iron Nanowire Fabrication by Nano-Porous Anodized Aluminum and its Characterization

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Self-Generated Nanoporous Silver Framework for High-Performance Iron Oxide Pseudocapacitor Anodes.

Jae Young Seok1, Jaehak Lee1, Minyang Yang1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701 , Republic of Korea.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a nanoporous silver framework coated with iron oxide for advanced electric vehicle batteries. This new electrode material enables ultra-fast charging and maintains high capacity over thousands of cycles, addressing key limitations in energy storage.

Keywords:
electroreductioniron oxidenanoporous silverpseudocapacitorsilver halide

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Electric vehicles (EVs) require advanced energy storage with high capacity and stability for fast charging.
  • Metal oxide/hydroxide pseudocapacitors offer higher theoretical capacitance than supercapacitors but suffer from poor electrical conductivity.
  • Existing Li-ion batteries have limitations in rate capability and long-term stability compared to pseudocapacitors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome the electrical conductivity limitations of metal oxides/hydroxides in pseudocapacitors.
  • To develop a novel electrode material for high-capacity, fast-charging, and stable energy storage devices for EVs.
  • To demonstrate the performance of a nanoporous silver-metal oxide composite as a pseudocapacitor anode.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a nanoporous silver (np-Ag) structure with tunable pore size via silver halide electroreduction.
  • Deposition of a thin layer of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) onto the np-Ag framework, creating np-Ag@Fe2O3.
  • Electrochemical characterization of the np-Ag@Fe2O3 composite as a pseudocapacitor anode.

Main Results:

  • The np-Ag framework provides high specific surface area, electrical conductivity, and porosity beneficial for pseudocapacitors.
  • The np-Ag@Fe2O3 anode achieved a high capacitance of approximately 608 F g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹.
  • The electrode demonstrated excellent long-term cycling stability, retaining ~84.9% of its capacitance after 6000 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed np-Ag@Fe2O3 composite effectively addresses the conductivity issues in metal oxide pseudocapacitors.
  • This ultra-high-capacity, fast-charging, and stable anode is a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage in EVs.
  • The material can be charged within tens of seconds, significantly improving charging times for electric vehicles.