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Nanosecond bipolar pulse generators for bioelectrics.

Shu Xiao1, Chunrong Zhou1, Enbo Yang1

  • 1Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, United States.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|May 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reversed polarity nanosecond pulses can cancel biological effects, with intervals up to microseconds. This study reviews generators for these bipolar pulses, crucial for electrotherapy applications.

Keywords:
Bipolar pulsesCancellation effectsMultiphasic pulsesNanosecond pulses

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Nanosecond pulses induce biological effects like cell membrane permeabilization.
  • These effects can be mitigated by applying a second pulse of opposite polarity.
  • The cancellation effectiveness depends on pulse interval and duration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and overview nanosecond bipolar pulse generators.
  • To understand the cancellation effect of bipolar pulses on biological responses.
  • To facilitate the development of electrotherapy applications using these pulses.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of four types of nanosecond bipolar pulse generators.
  • Pulse Forming Line (PFL) generator for bipolar pulses without delay.
  • RLC resonant circuit generator for decaying bipolar pulses.
  • Converter using an inductor to transform unipolar to bipolar pulses.
  • MOSFET-switched bipolar RC network for flexible multiphasic pulse generation.

Main Results:

  • PFL and RLC generators are suitable for short nanosecond pulses (<100 ns).
  • The converter method utilizes inductor charging and discharging for bipolar pulse generation.
  • MOSFET-switched generators offer flexibility in amplitude, delay, and duration but may not be ideal for very short pulses.
  • Each generator type has specific advantages and applicable ranges.

Conclusions:

  • Nanosecond bipolar pulse generators are essential for studying and utilizing pulse cancellation effects in electrotherapy.
  • The choice of generator depends on the required pulse characteristics (duration, delay, amplitude) and application.
  • Further development of these generators can advance targeted electrotherapeutic interventions.