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Discriminating Post-transplant Rejection From Infection By Detecting Tcr-cd3 Oligomerization On Extracellular Vesicles Using A Ratiometric Caliper Probe.

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Discriminating Post-transplant Rejection From Infection By Detecting Tcr-cd3 Oligomerization On Extracellular Vesicles Using A Ratiometric Caliper Probe.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

Discriminating Post-Transplant Rejection from Infection by Detecting TCR-CD3 Oligomerization on Extracellular

Wen Yin¹, Haitian Chen^2,3, Shu Xiao¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong 999077, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|May 28, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new assay using T cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 oligomers on extracellular vesicles (EVs) can differentiate transplant rejection from infection. This minimally invasive tool shows promise for guiding patient treatment and reducing biopsies.

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In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

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Published on: August 12, 2017

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

Immunology
Biomarker Discovery
Transplant Medicine

Background:

Post-transplant rejection and infection are major threats to long-term survival.
Current diagnostic methods lack standardization for simultaneous risk assessment of rejection and infection.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel assay for distinguishing acute cellular rejection from infection in transplant recipients.
To identify T cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 oligomers on extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a potential biomarker.

Main Methods:

Development of a caliper-shaped aptamer probe to quantify the ratio of TCR-CD3 oligomeric to monomeric EVs from CD8+ cytotoxic T cells.
Validation in murine models and a clinical cohort of 34 transplant recipients.
Assessment of assay performance using fluorescence ratios, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).

Main Results:

The assay showed higher fluorescence ratios in mice with allograft rejection compared to infection (0.26 vs 0.14).
In clinical samples, the assay distinguished rejection from infection, even with overlapping symptoms, and identified rejection in coinfected patients.
The assay achieved an AUC of 0.85, with 71% sensitivity and 90% specificity at a cutoff of 0.69.

Conclusions:

Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based TCR-CD3 oligomer quantification is a robust and minimally invasive biomarker for acute cellular rejection.
This assay can differentiate rejection from infection, aiding in clinical decision-making.
The tool has the potential to guide immunosuppressive therapy and decrease reliance on invasive biopsies.