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[Bariatric surgical procedures].

Laurent Brunaud1, Claire Nomine-Criqui2, Thibaut Fouquet2

  • 1Université de Lorraine, CHU Nancy-Brabois, unité multidisciplinaire de la chirurgie de l'obésité du CHU de Nancy, 11, allée du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, unité Inserm U954, faculté de médecine, 9, avenue de la Forêt-de-Haye, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.

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Bariatric surgery alters the gastrointestinal tract to aid weight loss by reducing calorie intake and affecting hormones. This review details common procedures like sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding.

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Area of Science:

  • Bariatric surgery
  • Obesity pathophysiology
  • Gastrointestinal surgery

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex condition with multifactorial causes, including genetics, behavior, and psychology.
  • The precise pathophysiology of obesity remains incompletely understood.
  • Bariatric surgery offers a significant intervention for obesity management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of bariatric surgical procedures.
  • To detail the historical context and evolution of these operations.
  • To discuss potential future advancements in bariatric surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bariatric surgical techniques.
  • Description of surgical procedures: sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, gastric bypass, and biliopancreatic diversion.
  • Analysis of historical development and future trends.

Main Results:

  • Sleeve gastrectomy involves removing a portion of the stomach.
  • Gastric banding uses an adjustable band to restrict stomach capacity.
  • Gastric bypass and biliopancreatic diversion involve more extensive alterations to the gastrointestinal tract, affecting digestion and absorption.

Conclusions:

  • Bariatric surgery represents a key therapeutic option for complex obesity.
  • Understanding the different procedures, their history, and evolution is crucial for effective patient selection and management.
  • Ongoing research aims to refine techniques and improve outcomes in bariatric surgery.