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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
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Heat-sensitive Moxibustion as a Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Combined with Insomnia
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Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia to Reduce Chronic Migraine: A Sequential Bayesian Analysis.

Todd A Smitherman1, Alexander J Kuka1, Anne H Calhoun2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Migraine and Behavioral Health Laboratory, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA.

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Summary

Cognitive-behavioral treatment for insomnia (CBTi) significantly reduced monthly headache frequency in adults with chronic migraine. This meta-analysis supports CBTi as an effective intervention for managing migraine comorbidities.

Keywords:
Bayesian statisticsCBTichronic migraineinsomniasleep restrictionstimulus control

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Insomnia frequently co-occurs with chronic migraine.
  • Previous small trials suggest cognitive-behavioral treatment of insomnia (CBTi) may decrease migraine frequency.
  • This study synthesizes existing CBTi trials for adults with chronic migraine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively synthesize CBTi trials for adults with chronic migraine using Bayesian methods.
  • To assess the efficacy of CBTi in reducing headache frequency in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Bayesian meta-analysis of two randomized controlled trials comparing CBTi to sham interventions.
  • Gaussian linear models were used to analyze changes in headache frequency.
  • Posterior distributions from one study informed the analysis of the second study.

Main Results:

  • Combined analysis showed a decrease of 6.2 monthly headache days in the CBTi group compared to controls.
  • There is a 97.5% probability that CBTi is at least 2.7 days more effective than control interventions.
  • Individuals completing CBTi experienced greater headache reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive-behavioral interventions for insomnia show promise in reducing headache frequency for chronic migraine patients.
  • Targeting comorbid insomnia may improve migraine outcomes.
  • Behavioral interventions are effective for migraineurs with comorbid conditions.