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Related Concept Videos

Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

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Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
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Frames01:30

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Frames are essential components of various mechanical and structural systems used daily. These structures are known for their stability and ability to bear heavy loads. A frame is constructed using two-force and multi-force members, interconnected using pin joints. In contrast, trusses are made entirely of two-force members.
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Consider a hydraulic hoist supporting a load of 1 kN. Assuming a simplified schematic representation of this frame structure, the force acting on BD and BF members can be determined.
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Frames: Problem Solving I01:24

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Inertial Frames of Reference01:03

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Newton’s first law is usually considered to be a statement about reference frames. It provides a method for identifying a special type of reference frame: the inertial reference frame. In principle, we can make the net force on a body zero. If its velocity relative to a given frame is constant, then that frame is said to be inertial. So, by definition, an inertial reference frame is a reference frame where Newton's first law holds valid. Newton's first law applies to objects with...
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Non-inertial Frames of Reference01:27

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A reference frame accelerating or decelerating relative to an inertial frame is a non-inertial frame. To help understand this, consider what taking off in an airplane, turning a corner in a car, riding a merry-go-round, and the circular motion of a tropical cyclone all have in common. All these systems are accelerating, decelerating, or rotating relative to the Earth; hence, they all are non-inertial frames. All these systems exhibit inertial forces, which merely seem to arise from motion,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation
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Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation

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High-Frame-Rate Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography.

Philippe Joos, Jonathan Poree, Herve Liebgott

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
    |May 8, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Motion compensation (MoCo) in high-frame-rate echocardiography preserves myocardial speckles, enabling accurate 2-D motion and velocity quantification with ultrafast speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). This innovative approach enhances cardiac assessment in vivo.

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    In utero Measurement of Heart Rate in Mouse by Noninvasive M-mode Echocardiography
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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cardiovascular Ultrasound

    Background:

    • Conventional echocardiography is the primary noninvasive cardiac imaging tool.
    • High-frame-rate echocardiography with diverging waves enhances cardiac assessment.
    • Motion compensation (MoCo) is crucial for coherent compounding of diverging waves due to rapid myocardial motion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To apply ultrafast speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) on high-frame-rate B-mode images using a specific MoCo technique.
    • To quantify 2-D motion and tissue velocities of the left ventricle.
    • To validate the method in vitro and evaluate it in vivo.

    Main Methods:

    • High-frame-rate B-mode images acquired at 500 frames/s using a Verasonics scanner and 2.5-MHz phased array.
    • Application of a specific MoCo technique for coherent compounding.
    • Estimation of 2-D motion using cross-correlation and subpixel adjustment techniques.

    Main Results:

    • In vitro validation showed normalized errors of 4-12% (radial) and 10-20% (cross-range) for velocity vectors.
    • In vivo evaluation in 10 volunteers demonstrated no statistically significant difference in global longitudinal strain compared to clinical scanners (p=0.33).
    • MoCo successfully preserved myocardial speckles, enabling high-frame-rate STE.

    Conclusions:

    • MoCo is essential for high-frame-rate echocardiography to prevent destructive interferences caused by myocardial motion.
    • High-frame-rate STE with MoCo provides accurate quantification of 2-D motion and tissue velocities.
    • This technique offers a promising advancement for noninvasive cardiac assessment.