Examining the Latent Structure of the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychology

Background:

• Executive functions are crucial cognitive processes.
• The Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) is a widely used assessment tool.
• Understanding the factor structure of the D-KEFS is essential for accurate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine if the D-KEFS measures three executive function factors: inhibition, shifting, and fluency.
• To assess the relationship between these D-KEFS factors and other executive-related constructs such as reasoning, abstraction, and problem-solving.

Main Methods:

• The study analyzed data from 425 adults in the D-KEFS standardization sample.
• Eight measurement models were compared to evaluate the D-KEFS factor structure.
• Structural models were used to predict reasoning, abstraction, and problem-solving from D-KEFS factors.

Main Results:

• A three-factor model (inhibition, shifting, fluency) demonstrated good fit, with shifting and fluency being highly correlated.
• A bifactor model showed the best fit but had convergence issues.
• Shifting was the strongest unique predictor of reasoning, abstraction, and problem-solving.

Conclusions:

• The D-KEFS can be interpreted through a three-factor model, though shifting and fluency are closely related.
• The bifactor model offers a comprehensive view but requires further validation.
• The D-KEFS shifting measure is a valid predictor of higher-order cognitive abilities, supporting its clinical utility.