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Related Concept Videos

Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

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Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
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After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
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Water: A Bronsted-Lowry Acid and Base02:30

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The reaction between a Brønsted-Lowry acid and water is called acid ionization. For example, when hydrogen fluoride dissolves in water and ionizes, protons are transferred from hydrogen fluoride molecules to water molecules, yielding hydronium ions and fluoride ions:
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Precipitation Reactions03:10

Precipitation Reactions

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In a precipitation reaction, aqueous solutions of soluble salts react to give an insoluble ionic compound – the precipitate. The reaction occurs when oppositely charged ions in solution overcome their attraction for water and bind to each other, forming a precipitate that separates out from the solution. Since such reactions involve the exchange of ions between ionic compounds in aqueous solution, they are also referred to as double displacement, double replacement, exchange reactions, or...
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Concentration Cells02:41

Concentration Cells

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A concentration cell is a type of a  voltaic cell constructed by connecting two almost identical half-cells, both based on the same half-reaction and using the same electrode, differing only in the concentration of one redox species. A concentration cell's potential, therefore, is determined only by the concentration difference of the particular redox species.
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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
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Two Amphoteric Silver Carbene Clusters.

Alexander G Tskhovrebov1, Richard Goddard1, Alois Fürstner1

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470, Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered novel silver carbene clusters exhibiting dual nucleophilic and electrophilic properties. This unique amphoteric behavior is key for reactive silver carbene intermediates in catalysis.

Keywords:
carbenescluster compoundscross-couplinggoldsilver

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Silver carbene complexes are crucial in catalysis.
  • Understanding carbene reactivity is essential for developing new catalytic transformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe two novel, highly labile silver carbene cluster complexes.
  • To investigate the unique transition of carbene center character from nucleophilic to electrophilic.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of novel silver carbene cluster complexes.
  • Spectroscopic and structural analysis to determine electronic properties.

Main Results:

  • Two highly labile silver carbene cluster complexes were successfully synthesized.
  • These complexes exhibit a unique amphoteric carbene character, transitioning between nucleophilic and electrophilic behavior.
  • The μ-bridged donor/donor carbene entity connects two silver atoms within triangular or tetrahedral metallic cores.

Conclusions:

  • The described silver carbene complexes represent a transition point in carbene reactivity.
  • Their amphoteric nature is significant for generating reactive silver carbene intermediates.
  • These findings have implications for advancing catalytic applications.