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Controlling magnetism in 2D CrI3 by electrostatic doping.

Shengwei Jiang1,2, Lizhong Li1, Zefang Wang1,3

  • 1School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Nature Nanotechnology
|May 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrostatic doping controls magnetism in two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials like CrI₃. Electron doping bilayer CrI₃ switches it from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic, enabling electrical control of magnetic properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer unique electrical and optical properties controllable via electrostatic doping.
  • 2D magnetic materials enable electrical control of magnetism for novel devices.
  • Previous methods for electrical control of magnetism were limited to specific material types and conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate electrostatic doping control of magnetic properties in both monolayer and bilayer chromium triiodide (CrI₃).
  • To investigate the effect of doping on magnetic order, coercive force, and Curie temperature in CrI₃.
  • To achieve field-free switching between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states in bilayer CrI₃.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of CrI₃-graphene vertical heterostructures.
  • Application of electrostatic doping (hole and electron) to monolayer and bilayer CrI₃.
  • Measurement of magnetic properties including saturation magnetization, coercive force, and Curie temperature.
  • Investigation of doping-induced magnetic phase transitions.

Main Results:

  • Electrostatic doping significantly modifies magnetic properties of monolayer CrI₃, with hole doping strengthening and electron doping weakening magnetic order.
  • Electron doping of bilayer CrI₃ above 2.5 × 10¹³ cm⁻² induces a transition from an antiferromagnetic to a ferromagnetic ground state without an external magnetic field.
  • A strong doping-dependent interlayer exchange coupling was observed in bilayer CrI₃.

Conclusions:

  • Electrostatic doping provides a robust method for controlling magnetic properties in 2D magnetic materials like CrI₃.
  • The observed field-free magnetic switching in bilayer CrI₃ via doping opens avenues for spintronic devices.
  • This work highlights the potential of 2D heterostructures for advanced magnetic functionalities.