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Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate an Internet-Based Self-Management Program in Systemic Sclerosis.

Dinesh Khanna1, Jennifer Serrano1, Veronica J Berrocal1

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An internet-based self-management program for systemic sclerosis (SSc) did not show superiority over an educational book in improving patient self-efficacy. Participants found the online program engaging and easy to use, despite no statistically significant outcome differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Digital Health
  • Patient Self-Management

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease requiring active patient self-management.
  • Previous pilot studies suggested internet-based programs can enhance self-efficacy in SSc patients.
  • A need exists to compare digital interventions with traditional educational resources for SSc self-management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of an internet-based self-management program against a patient-focused educational book in patients with systemic sclerosis.
  • To assess differences in self-efficacy and other patient-reported outcomes between the two intervention groups.

Main Methods:

  • A 16-week randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving 267 participants with systemic sclerosis.
  • Participants were randomized to either an internet-based self-management program (www.selfmanagescleroderma.com) or a control group receiving an educational book.
  • Primary outcome was change in self-efficacy for managing symptoms; secondary outcomes included other patient-reported measures.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were observed between the internet and book groups for the primary outcome (self-efficacy) or most secondary outcomes.
  • A significant difference was noted in the EuroQol 5-domain instrument visual analog scale score (P = 0.05).
  • Participants in the internet group reported high satisfaction with the program's content, clarity, usability, and reading level.

Conclusions:

  • The internet-based self-management website was not statistically superior to an educational book for improving self-efficacy in systemic sclerosis patients.
  • Despite lacking statistical superiority, the online program demonstrated user engagement and positive participant feedback.
  • Further research may explore optimized digital interventions or blended approaches for SSc self-management.