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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
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Biofunctional Mg coating on PEEK for improving bioactivity.

Xiaoming Yu1, Muhammad Ibrahim1,2, Zongyuan Liu1

  • 1Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.

Bioactive Materials
|May 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High purity magnesium (Mg) coating on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) enhances antibacterial properties. Degraded Mg coating effectively killed 99% of Staphylococcus aureus, showing potential for bioactive implants.

Keywords:
Antibacterial activityCoatingMgPEEKVapor deposition

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Medical Device Development

Background:

  • Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a bio-inert material commonly used in implants.
  • Enhancing the bioactivity and antibacterial properties of PEEK is crucial for improving implant performance and reducing infection risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To coat polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with high purity magnesium (Mg) using vapor deposition.
  • To evaluate the bioactivity, specifically the antibacterial property, of the Mg-coated PEEK.
  • To investigate the effect of substrate temperature on Mg coating morphology and particle size.

Main Methods:

  • Vapor deposition of high purity magnesium onto PEEK substrates at varying temperatures (175°C, 185°C, 200°C, 230°C).
  • Characterization of coating morphology and elemental composition using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS).
  • Assessment of antibacterial efficacy against *Staphylococcus aureus* after 21 days of immersion and observation of coating degradation.

Main Results:

  • Successful coating of PEEK with magnesium was achieved.
  • Higher substrate temperatures resulted in larger Mg particle sizes.
  • The Mg coating degraded over 21 days of immersion.
  • The degradation of the Mg coating demonstrated a potent antibacterial effect, killing 99% of *Staphylococcus aureus*.

Conclusions:

  • Magnesium coating can significantly enhance the antibacterial properties of bio-inert materials like PEEK.
  • The degradation of magnesium provides a mechanism for imparting specific bioactivities to biomaterials.
  • Mg coating holds promise for developing more effective and safer medical implants.