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Development of the Subtle ADHD Malingering Screener
Sujith Ramachandran1, Erin R Holmes1, Meagen Rosenthal1
11 University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.
Researchers developed the Subtle ADHD Malingering Screener (SAMS) to detect feigned attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. This 10-item scale effectively distinguishes malingering individuals from those with genuine ADHD or no ADHD.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis is sometimes challenged by malingering.
- A need exists for reliable tools to screen for feigned ADHD symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate the Subtle ADHD Malingering Screener (SAMS), a self-report measure.
- To create a tool that can differentiate individuals feigning ADHD from those with genuine ADHD and controls.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional experimental design was used.
- Participants included an ADHD group, a control group (no ADHD), and a malingering group (instructed to feign ADHD).
- Factor analysis and psychometric testing were employed to refine the SAMS scale.
Main Results:
- A 10-item, two-factor SAMS scale was developed.
- The SAMS demonstrated high sensitivity (90.3%) and good specificity (80.1%) in distinguishing malingering.
Conclusions:
- The SAMS is an innovative and efficient tool for screening malingering in suspected ADHD cases.
- This screener may help reduce ADHD overdiagnosis and the misuse of stimulant medications.
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