PTX-loaded three-layer PLGA/CS/ALG nanoparticle based on layer-by-layer method for cancer therapy.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles are suitable for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery due to biocompatibility.
• A key limitation of PLGA nanoparticles is premature drug burst release.
• Effective drug delivery systems require controlled release mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To engineer modified PLGA nanoparticles with improved drug release profiles.
• To investigate the potential of layer-by-layer (LbL) coating for nanoparticle functionalization.
• To evaluate the efficacy of these novel nanoparticles in delivering paclitaxel.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles.
• Layer-by-layer deposition of chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (ALG) onto PLGA nanoparticles.
• Characterization of nanoparticle surface charge and morphology using capillary electrophoresis, SEM, and TEM.
• Quantification of drug encapsulation and loading efficiency via ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
• Assessment of in vitro drug release kinetics and cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma cells (HepG2).

Main Results:

• The modified PLGA nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced stability and controlled drug release.
• Surface charge and morphology were successfully altered by the LbL coating.
• High drug encapsulation and loading efficiencies were achieved.
• The nanoparticles exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma cells (HepG2).

Conclusions:

• Layer-by-layer coating of PLGA nanoparticles with CS and ALG effectively mitigates drug burst release.
• The developed three-layer nanoparticles show promise as a stable and effective drug delivery system.
• This novel nanoparticle system holds potential for improved cancer therapy applications.