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Gender disparities in preterm neonatal outcomes

David N O'Driscoll1, Matthew McGovern1, Catherine M Greene2

  • 1Paediatrics, Academic Centre, Tallaght Hospital, Trinity College and Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St James' Hospital, the University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|May 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Male preterm infants experience worse health outcomes than females. This gender disparity is likely multifactorial, involving hormonal, genetic, and immunological factors, and requires consideration in research.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Research
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Males generally exhibit poorer disease outcomes across the lifespan compared to females.
  • A significant gender disparity exists in the disease outcomes of preterm infants, with underlying mechanisms poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive literature review on clinical outcomes differentiating preterm infants by gender.
  • To explore potential biological mechanisms contributing to observed gender-based differences in preterm infant outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of experimental and clinical research.
  • Analysis of studies investigating gender differences in preterm infant health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Preterm male infants consistently demonstrate poorer clinical outcomes compared to preterm females.
  • The etiology of this male disadvantage is multifactorial and largely undetermined.

Conclusions:

  • The observed male disadvantage in preterm outcomes is attributed to a combination of hormonal, genetic, and immunological factors.
  • Gender represents a critical variable in preterm infant outcomes, necessitating its inclusion in clinical and experimental study designs.
Abstract

Keywords:
ClinicalGenderNeonateOutcomesPrematurePretermSex

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