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Brain stiffens post mortem.

J Weickenmeier1, M Kurt2, E Ozkaya2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
|May 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain stiffness significantly increases immediately after death, highlighting its dynamic nature. This finding underscores the importance of in vivo measurements for understanding neurological conditions and brain function.

Keywords:
BrainIn vivoMagnetic resonance elastographyRheologyStiffening

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Brain rheology alterations are key diagnostic markers for neurological diseases.
  • Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) enables non-invasive in vivo assessment of brain stiffness.
  • Previous studies show age-related and disease-related decreases in brain stiffness, but lack within-brain comparisons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate rheological changes in the same brain under extreme metabolic conditions (alive vs. dead).
  • To quantify immediate post-mortem changes in brain stiffness and their regional variations.
  • To explore the implications of brain stiffness dynamics for in vivo diagnostics and modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to measure brain rheology.
  • Compared brain stiffness in vivo (alive) versus ex vivo at multiple time points post-mortem (3 and 45 minutes).
  • Analyzed regional differences in post-mortem stiffening across brain structures.

Main Results:

  • Cerebral storage and loss moduli increased significantly within minutes post-mortem (26% and 60% at 3 min; 40% and 103% at 45 min).
  • Post-mortem stiffening showed regional variability, being most pronounced in the corpus callosum and least in the brainstem.
  • Brain stiffness demonstrated a high sensitivity to the immediate metabolic environment.

Conclusions:

  • Post-mortem stiffening is linked to rapid metabolic and physiological changes after death.
  • Brain stiffness is a dynamic property, highly dependent on the metabolic state, unlike other organs.
  • In vivo characterization of brain tissue is crucial, questioning the universal relevance of ex vivo testing for neurological conditions and surgical planning.