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Emergency physicians (EPs) integrated into military health during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF-A) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), utilizing diverse skills. Their combat experience has since enhanced civilian emergency medicine (EM) practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Military Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine (EM)
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF-A) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) marked the first major wars with integrated emergency physician (EP) participation in military health systems.
  • EPs demonstrated the value of their comprehensive trauma and medical care skills in sustained combat deployments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and contributions of EPs during OEF-A/OIF.
  • To identify lessons learned by EPs from combat deployments.
  • To describe how combat experience has influenced civilian emergency medicine practice.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review.
  • It synthesizes historical data and experiences of EPs in OEF-A/OIF.

Main Results:

  • EPs' roles evolved, showcasing the adaptability and breadth of EM training.
  • Contributions included supporting special operations, medical command, and critical care transport.
  • Combat-derived skills and knowledge have been integrated into civilian EM.

Conclusions:

  • EPs played a crucial and expanding role in military conflicts.
  • The unique skill set of EM is highly valuable in austere and combat environments.
  • Lessons learned from OEF-A/OIF have positively impacted civilian emergency care.