Ionic liquid-type surfactant modified attapulgite as a novel and efficient dispersive solid phase material for fast...

In this study, a novel ionic liquid-type surfactant modified attapulgite named as 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide-attapulgite (C₁₂MIM-ATP) is successfully prepared and applied in dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) for the fast determination of pyrethroid residues in tea drinks. The primary factors that influenced the extraction efficiency, including sorbent type, amount of sorbent, extraction time, desorption conditions, pH and ionic strength, are investigated. The optimized results reveal that the extraction and desorption equilibria are rapidly obtained within 1 min. Under the optimized conditions, good linearity (2-500 μg/L) is observed for four pyrethroids in tea drinks with determination coefficients (r²) ranged from 0.9992 to 1.0000. The limits of detection (LODs) are 0.6 μg/L for all pesticides. Acceptable extraction recoveries of target analytes are found from 90.28 to 107.56% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 8.30% in real tea drink samples. The batch-to-bath repeatability is evaluated by recovery test on five independent synthesized C₁₂MIM-ATP sorbents. Satisfactory batch-to-batch repeatability is obtained with the recovery factors varied in 15%. A small matrix effect is observed using C₁₂MIM-ATP as the sorbent for detection pyrethroids in tea drinks.